Evaluation de la qualité nutritionnelle des germoplasmes d’orges d’hiver, pour l’alimentation humaine et la qualité des paramètres technologiques pour le maltage
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Jean Affricot. (31/12/2019). Evaluation de la qualité nutritionnelle des germoplasmes d’orges d’hiver, pour l’alimentation humaine et la qualité des paramètres technologiques pour le maltage.
Abstract
Barley varieties have undergone years of massive natural and peasant selection due to their
particular characteristics (food, feed or malt) without any scientific background. Nowadays,
interest in barley is even more intense and scientific advances make it possible to better understand
the selection of barley varieties and their genetic improvements for desired traits, for food or for
brewing during this study. The performance and nutritional quality of 65 genotypes from two
different trials from the winter barley program (Hordeum vulgare L.), the ICARDA test station in
Morocco Annaceur (Séfrou) were evaluated, the barley was malted, and the malt quality was
analyzed. The characterization of nutritional quality revealed highly significant variations in starch
and protein content within the collection of Trial 2. However, the difference was not significant
for the beta-glucan content of the two tests and the concentrations found are below 3g/100g of dry
matter. The difference was highly significant weight of 1000 grains, and provided a good
indication of the potential yield of malt extract. The barley samples were well modified during
malting. A very strong positive and significant correlation was found between FAN (Free Amino
Acids of Malt) and malt extract yield (r=1**). Similarly, positive and very significant correlations
(r=0.728**, r=0.672** and r=0.470**) were found between FAN and starch content, soluble malt
proteins and protein content in barley, malt friability and starch content respectively. Negative and
very significant correlations (r=-0.830**, r=-0.718**) were found between starch and protein
content, malt extract yield and protein content respectively and finally a negative and significant
correlation (r=-0.383* between alpha-amylase activity and beta-glucan content. The result of
phenotypic screening showed that the accessions are mostly resistant to the reticulated stain of
barley (Pyrenophora teres f. teres)
