Coping with climate change and risk management strategies for sustainable rangeland-based systems in WANA Region
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Ali Nefzaoui, Hichem Ben Salem. (1/1/2011). Coping with climate change and risk management strategies for sustainable rangeland-based systems in WANA Region. Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens, 99, pp. 11-12.
Abstract
Livestock is still the main source of income of rural populations in the West Asian and North African
(WANA) countries. However, many factors among which climate change are threatening the production systems. There are considerable gaps in our knowledge of how climate change will affect livestock systems and
the livelihoods of these populations. Management of the production risk caused by the fluctuation of feed availability is the main problem hampering the development of livestock production in the WANA region. To overcome this situation governments emphasize different interventions, mainly subsidies, which are costly and use
resources that could otherwise be spent for development purposes. This paper reviews some technical, institutional and policy options to help developing drought mitigation strategies. These options were developed and
or evaluated in NARS and ICARDA over a decade under the framework of the Mashreq/Maghreb project targeting better integration of crop and livestock, community development and the improvement of the livelihoods
of agropastoral communities in 8 countries of WANA. These options include: (i) organization of local institutions to facilitate both collective and individual adaptation and response to climate change; (ii) an innovative
approach to their sustainable improvement and management including institutional solutions for access to
communal/collective rangelands; (iii) better use of local natural resources with an emphasis on water harvesting and appropriate use of adapted indigenous plant species, such as cactus and fodder shrubs; (iv) efficient
animal feeding involving cost-effective alternative feeds like feed blocks and health monitoring; (v) the use of
biotechnology as a potentially effective tool to breeding drought resistant forages and cereals and to biodiversity protection; and (vi) development of early warning systems building on local knowledge, livelihood strategies and modern tools to forecast information on biophysical, economical, and markets environment to
agropastoral communities. Success stories and difficulties faced when adopting these options are discussed.
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Nefzaoui, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-354X