Agricultural potential of Mediterranean grain and forage legumes: Key differences between and within Vicia species in terms of phenology, yield, and agronomy give insight into plant adaptation to semi-arid environments

cg.contactj.berger@ccmar.csiro.auen_US
cg.contributor.centerInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.contributor.centerThe University of Western Australia - UWAen_US
cg.contributor.funderGrains Research and Development Corporation - GRDCen_US
cg.contributor.projectCommunication and Documentation Information Services (CODIS)en_US
cg.contributor.project-lead-instituteInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.coverage.countrySYen_US
cg.coverage.regionWestern Asiaen_US
cg.date.embargo-end-dateTimelessen_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015544126185en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn0925-9864en_US
cg.issn1573-5109en_US
cg.journalGenetic Resources and Crop Evolutionen_US
cg.subject.agrovocAlfalfaen_US
cg.volume49en_US
dc.contributorRobertson, Larry D.en_US
dc.contributorCocks, Phil S.en_US
dc.creatorBerger, J.D.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-13T18:06:15Z
dc.date.available2023-09-13T18:06:15Z
dc.description.abstractIn order to identify key adaptive traits which affect productivity in Mediterranean grain and forage legumes and simultaneously determine the agricultural potential of a wide range of Vicia species, germplasm collected from the wild throughout the eastern Mediterranean was grown under semi-arid conditions in Tel Hadya, Syria (313 mm growing season rainfall). These included species currently in use in Mediterranean agriculture, such as V. sativa L., as well as those more widely used in the past-such as V. ervilia L., but also a broad selection from Section Narbonensis (B. Fedtsch. ex Radzhi) Maxted, including V. narbonensis L, V. johannis Tamamsch., V. hyaeniscyamus Mout., V. serratifolia Jacq., and V. kalakhensis Khattab et al. V. faba, a near relative of the taxa in Section Narbonensis, was included as a domesticated control. Where applicable, a representative range of subspecies was used. Accessions were chosen from a wide range of habitats in terms of latitude (31.02–40.72 decimalo), longitude (27.1–43.17 decimalo), altitude (20–1510 m), rainfall (180–1700 mm/yr) and soil depth (5–50 cm) in order to maximise diversity within species. Agricultural potential was determined by measuring seed, hay and biological yield, as well as agronomic traits such as harvest index, standing crop height, and seed size. The comparative influence of phenology and key agronomic traits such as plant habit and seed size on productivity varied tremendously between species, depending on their reproductive strategies. In V. sativa and V. ervilia, the smaller seed species which rely on long vegetative phases and growing seasons to accumulate sufficient biomass to set seed, and in which there was comparatively little agronomic variation, phenology had a large impact on yield. In early emerging taxa such as V. ervilia and V. s. subsp. sativa, with ‘built-in’ long vegetative phases and growing seasons, seed yield was negatively correlated with flower ing (r = −0.86 to −0.88), whereas the opposite was the case for later emerging taxa such as V. s. subsp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. (r = 0.95). Within V. narbonensis and relatives, the larger seeded Vicia species which rely on more conservative reproductive strategies where high seedling vigour associated with large seeds enables the species to enter reproductive phases relatively early, phenology had a much smaller impact on yield than did variation of key traits such as seed weight, plant habit and pod shattering. Among the undomesticated germplasm harvest indices ranged from 0.09–0.31, hay yields from 0.1–3.4 t/ha, seed yield from 0–2.0 t/ha, and dry matter at maturity from 1.6–6.5 t/ha. Sub-specific taxonomy was crucial in determining agronomic potential. V. narbonensis var. aegyptiaca Kornhuber ex Asch. et Schweinf. showed the most potential, combining an upright habit, large seeds (212 mg) and tendency to retain intact pods after maturity, with the highest yield, harvest index and crop height of all the wild Vicia species. V. sativa subsp. sativa, V. ervilia and V. narbonensis var. narbonensis were less productive, but still showed agricultural potential. The smaller seeded V. narbonensis, var. affinis, var. jordanica H. Schäf. and var. salmonea (Mout.) H. Schäf., and their close relatives V. johannis, V. hyaeniscyamus, V. serratifolia and V. kalakhensis have little to offer Mediterranean agriculture on the basis of poor agronomy.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.identifierhttps://mel.cgiar.org/dspace/limiteden_US
dc.identifier.citationJ. D. Berger, Larry D. Robertson, Phil S. Cocks. (30/6/2002). Agricultural potential of Mediterranean grain and forage legumes: Key differences between and within Vicia species in terms of phenology, yield, and agronomy give insight into plant adaptation to semi-arid environments. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 49, pp. 313-325.en_US
dc.identifier.statusTimeless limited accessen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/68668
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherSpringer (part of Springer Nature)en_US
dc.sourceGenetic Resources and Crop Evolution;49,(2002) Pagination 313-325en_US
dc.subjectv. narbonensisen_US
dc.subjectv. sativaen_US
dc.subjectv. johannisen_US
dc.subjectv. erviliaen_US
dc.titleAgricultural potential of Mediterranean grain and forage legumes: Key differences between and within Vicia species in terms of phenology, yield, and agronomy give insight into plant adaptation to semi-arid environmentsen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dcterms.available2002-06-30en_US
dcterms.extent313-325en_US
mel.impact-factor2en_US

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